Land Conservation

Land Conversion – Forestry Back to Pasture and Farmland

In 2005, our personnel oversaw and managed two of the most prominent and largest projects in the land conversion industry – converting over 70,000 hectares of pine forestry back into dairy and farm land in New Zealand, including 30,000 hectares for the Selwyn Plantation Board near Christchurch. We set benchmarks in this industry and developed systems unmatched by any other business, working with our customers to develop systems, methods and machinery for the entire project – including biological microorganisms that help break down the mulch and shift the soil regime from fungal (the predominant regime in forestry) to bacterial (the predominant regime in pasture).

Why not just rip out the stumps and burn?

Conventional conversion methods remove or burn the biomass. When excavators pull stumps, the stump holes remain – and when the ground is levelled, most of the remaining topsoil is dragged into the holes, wasting the organic matter. The industry also routinely underestimates the time and cost of burning huge stump piles, and the land those piles consume: on average 10–30% of the total area.

Our philosophy – keep the organic matter

Our approach is to utilise as much of the remaining residue as possible. You will only have one opportunity in a lifetime to increase the organic matter in your soil in a single operation – this is it. Once the organic matter is incorporated into the soil, we convert it into a useable product for plant uptake to maximise pasture growth. The mulch acts as a moisture retention barrier, alleviates leaching, and helps retain nutrients and fertilisers in the soil.

Independent trials by a major agricultural business across the North and South Islands of New Zealand found the single common denominator for improved pasture growth was the amount of organic matter in the soil. Our process lifts soil organic matter from a typical 3–5% to as much as 43%. Every 10% increase in organic matter is equivalent to roughly 1 tonne of additional dry matter per hectare per year – in dairy terms, a potential 1,000 additional litres of milk per hectare that would otherwise take at least five years of conventional dairying to achieve.

Our land conversion process

  1. Assess the site – typical post-harvest forestry showing slash, wind-rows and stumps.
  2. Excavators pull apart wind-rows and spread material for mulching.
  3. The mulcher performs its first passes over slash and stumps.
  4. Stump grinders take remaining stumps out below ground level.
  5. The mulcher performs a final pass so all material meets the standard needed to blend with the soil.
  6. A stabiliser blends the mulch into the first 150–200 mm of soil.
  7. The ground is levelled and returned to pasture.
Typical forested area showing slash, wind-rows and stumps
Excavator pulling apart wind-rows and spreading out material to be mulched
Grinding out the stumps after the mulcher has performed its 2nd pass
Mulcher performing a third pass to reduce large material and blend it with the soil for a stable, consistent finish
Stabiliser blending the mulch into the first 150mm-200mm of the soil
Ground that has been leveled / Area back in pasture

Ready to transform your property?

Planning a plantation-to-pasture conversion? Contact us for a consultation on the method that pays you back in soil.